(1*) And all this teaching about the institution, the perpetuity, the meaning and reason for the sacred primacy of the Roman Pontiff and of his infallible magisterium, this Sacred Council again proposes to be firmly believed by all the faithful. I, ib. They lovingly believe in God the Father Almighty and in Christ, the Son of God and Saviour. : Denz. Pius XII, Litt. Trid., Sess. Funk, 1, p. 282. Pius XI, Const. Let them assiduously keep away from whatever, either by word or deed, could lead separated brethren or any other into error regarding the true doctrine of the Church. 65, 1: PG 59, 361. The central purpose of the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church (Lumen Gentium) is "to unfold more fully to the faithful of the Church and to the whole world its own inner nature and universal . In this, then, their daily work they should climb to the heights of holiness and apostolic activity. 124. 28:16-20; Mk. Alloc. Vat. 4:13. In the first place, the shepherds of Christ's flock must holily and eagerly, humbly and courageously carry out their ministry, in imitation of the eternal high Priest, the Shepherd and Guardian of our souls. 23, cap. 14, 3: PL 9, 206; CSEL 22, p. 86. However, in order that he may be capable of deriving more abundant fruit from this baptismal grace, he intends, by the profession of the evangelical counsels in the Church, to free himself from those obstacles, which might draw him away from the fervor of charity and the perfection of divine worship. Conc. Indeed, in order that love, as good seed may grow and bring forth fruit in the soul, each one of the faithful must willingly hear the Word of God and accept His Will, and must complete what God has begun by their own actions with the help of God's grace. (14) De praestantia sacrae virginitatis, cfr. (2) Paulus VI, Alloc. 63: PL 144, 861 AB. Rev. (9) S. Hieronymus, Epist. The Catholic Church, taught by the Holy Spirit, honors her with filial affection and piety as a most beloved mother. (42) It is described as the spotless spouse of the spotless Lamb,(43) whom Christ "loved and for whom He delivered Himself up that He might sanctify her",(44) whom He unites to Himself by an unbreakable covenant, and whom He unceasingly "nourishes and cherishes",(45) and whom, once purified, He willed to be cleansed and joined to Himself, subject to Him in love and fidelity,(46) and whom, finally, He filled with heavenly gifts for all eternity, in order that we may know the love of God and of Christ for us, a love which surpasses all knowledge. ; S. Iustinus, Apol., 1, 6S G 6, 428; S. Cyprianus, Epist. That is true in outstanding fashion of the mother of Jesus, who gave to the world Him who is Life itself and who renews all things, and who was enriched by God with the gifts which befit such a role. Mediator Dei 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947), paesertim p. 552 s. (7) I Cor. Sanct. Encycl. (4) To carry out the will of the Father, Christ inaugurated the Kingdom of heaven on earth and revealed to us the mystery of that kingdom. Fortified by so many and such powerful means of salvation, all the faithful, whatever their condition or state, are called by the Lord, each in his own way, to that perfect holiness whereby the Father Himself is perfect. And as they sanctify and govern under the bishop's authority, that part of the Lord's flock entrusted to them they make the universal Church visible in their own locality and bring an efficacious assistance to the building up of the whole body of Christ. S. Methodius, Symposion, VII, 3: GCS (Bodwetseh), p. 74. S. Ignatius M., Ad Rom., Praef. (212) They must diffuse in the world that spirit which animates the poor, the meek, the peace makerswhom the Lord in the Gospel proclaimed as blessed. They are warned by the Apostle to live "as becomes saints",(219) and to put on "as God's chosen ones, holy and beloved a heart of mercy, kindness, humility, meekness, patience",(220) and to possess the fruit of the Spirit in holiness. (110) The entire body of the faithful, anointed as they are by the Holy One,(111) cannot err in matters of belief. 1828 ( 3061) . Rob. 5, 19-20; 7, 21-22; 25 41-46; Iac., 2, 14. Paulus Pp. They are justified in the Lord Jesus, because in the baptism of faith they truly become sons of God and sharers in the divine nature. As the Son was sent by the Father,(131) so He too sent the Apostles, saying: "Go, therefore, make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you. Hartel, p. 696. (237) At that time the human race as well as the entire world, which is intimately related to man and attains to its end through him, will be perfectly reestablished in Christ. It does not, however, have it in mind to give a complete doctrine on Mary, nor does it wish to decide those questions which the work of theologians has not yet fully clarified. It is also referred to as the "Dogmatic Constitution on the Church." Following the approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5, it was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964. (1) Credo in Missa Romana: Symbolum Constantinopolitanum: Mansi 3, 566. In this way the world may be permeated by the spirit of Christ and it may more effectively fulfill its purpose in justice, charity and peace. Eph. (10*). In virtue of their common sacred ordination and mission, all priests are bound together in intimate brotherhood, which naturally and freely manifests itself in mutual aid, spiritual as well as material, pastoral as well as personal, in their meetings and in communion of life, of labor and charity. What makes Lumen Gentium, especially chatper II: "On the People of God" so "revolutionary" is the new stress it put on the equality and unity of all the Church's members. Let all then have care that they guide aright their own deepest sentiments of soul. 1917: 9 (1917) p. 268, Denz. 238 Cf Eph. They are fully incorporated in the society of the Church who, possessing the Spirit of Christ accept her entire system and all the means of salvation given to her, and are united with her as part of her visible bodily structure and through her with Christ, who rules her through the Supreme Pontiff and the bishops. Christ is the Light of nations. S. Cyprianus, Epist. Decr. "(3*) Wherefore she is hailed as a pre-eminent and singular member of the Church, and as its type and excellent exemplar in faith and charity. Summary and Analysis of Chapter VIll of LUMEN GENTIUM Ch. Lumen Gentium 1. This Temple, symbolized in places of worship built out of stone, is praised by the Holy Fathers and, not without reason, is compared in the liturgy to the Holy City, the New Jerusalem (5*). Sapientiae christianae, 10 ian. (291) In the course of her Son's preaching she received the words whereby in extolling a kingdom beyond the calculations and bonds of flesh and blood, He declared blessed(292) those who heard and kept the word of God, as she was faithfully doing. Encycl. Oec. It flows forth from the superabundance of the merits of Christ, rests on His mediation, depends entirely on it and draws all its power from it. 7, 7: PG 14, 1122 B. Ps.- Macarius, De Oratione, 11: PG 34, 861 AB. If they fail moreover to respond to that grace in thought, word and deed, not only shall they not be saved but they will be the more severely judged.(13*). Chrysostomus, De Virg. (52) Really partaking of the body of the Lord in the breaking of the Eucharistic bread, we are taken up into communion with Him and with one another. Let them confidently assign duties to them in the service of the Church, allowing them freedom and room for action. 30. It is for this reason that the Church preserves and fosters the special character of her various religious institutes. Likewise, the holiness of the Church is fostered in a special way by the observance of the counsels proposed in the Gospel by Our Lord to His disciples. It is up to the judgment of the Supreme Pontiff, to whose care Christ's whole flock has been entrusted, to determine, according to the needs of the Church as they change over the course of centuries, the way in which this care may best be exercisedwhether in a personal or a collegial way. Besides this apostolate which certainly pertains to all Christians, the laity can also be called in various ways to a more direct form of cooperation in the apostolate of the Hierarchy (3*). In the latter instance, without the action of the head, the bishops are not able to act as a College: this is clear from the concept of "College." "(12*) All the Church's children should remember that their exalted status is to be attributed not to their own merits but to the special grace of Christ. ad Flav. 22: Denz. For you are all 'one' in Christ Jesus". Pastor aeternus, 3: Denz. Benedictus XV, Decretum approbationis virtutum in Causa beatificationis et canonizationis Servi Dei Ioannis Nepomuecni Neumann: AAS 14 (1922 p. 23; plures Allocutiones Pii X de Sanetis: Inviti all'croismo Diseorsi t. I-III, Romae 1941-1942, passim; Pius XII, Discorsi Radiomessagi, t. 10, 1949, pp 37-43. 152-153. 1683 (2879). (133) Wherefore she makes the words of the Apostle her own: "Woe to me, if I do not preach the Gospel",(134) and continues unceasingly to send heralds of the Gospel until such time as the infant churches are fully established and can themselves continue the work of evangelizing. These questions are left to theologians to discussspecifically the question of the power exercised de facto among the separated Eastern Churches, about which there are various explanations.". SS, 24: Hartel, p. 642, line. Thus the Church prays and likewise labors so that into the People of God, the Body of the Lord and the Temple of the Holy Spirit, may pass the fullness of the whole world, and that in Christ, the head of all things, all honor and glory may be rendered to the Creator, the Father of the universe. S. Gregorius M., Mor. Rom; 8:17; Col. 1:24; 2 Tim. Deiparae: PG 97, 1089-1109. (50*) For in their locality these are the new People called by God, in the Holy Spirit and in much fullness. 27-30, Episcopo tribuitur primatus sacerdotii. Conc. Christ, the great Prophet, who proclaimed the Kingdom of His Father both by the testimony of His life and the power of His words, continually fulfills His prophetic office until the complete manifestation of glory. luris pro Eccl. (80) Similarly, the Church encompasses with love all who are afflicted with human suffering and in the poor and afflicted sees the image of its poor and suffering Founder. (48) Oratio consecrationis cpiscopalis in ritu byzantino: Euchologion to mega, Romae, 1873, p. 139. (53) S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Pius IX, Bulla Ineffabilis 8 dec. 1854: acta Pii IX, I, I, p. 616; Denz. III, de utilitate chrismatis: PG 150, 569-580. Lumen Gentium, ("Light of Nations", Vatican II, 1964) changed nothing in the ecclesiology of the Roman Catholic Church, and it was designed that way. It begs aid and grace from God for them by its public prayer. . S. Io. Cf. In order that the faithful may reach this perfection, they must use their strength accordingly as they have received it, as a gift from Christ. 1943 AAS 35 (1943), p. 208. That is to say that, instead of emphasizing the vertical line of control, Lumen Gentium emphasizes a horizontal line where the "People of God" are made important (O'Malley 174). Lumen Gentium, Light of the Nations, November 21, 1964. - S. Cyrillus Hieros., Catech. (6) Cfr. Act. Haer. 23, sacr. I also felt the need to explain why this document is important and . Pius XII, Litt. They bring forth from the treasury of Revelation new things and old,(164) making it bear fruit and vigilantly warding off any errors that threaten their flock. Second Sunday of the Year. (27) Cfr. In this manner, through the members of the Church, will Christ progressively illumine the whole of human society with His saving light. She presented Him to the Father in the temple, and was united with Him by compassion as He died on the Cross. In this way they are really made holy. Mystici Corporis AAS 35 (1943) p. 200 et passilr. A great many wonderful things are to be hoped for from this familiar dialogue between the laity and their spiritual leaders: in the laity a strengthened sense of personal responsibility; a renewed enthusiasm; a more ready application of their talents to the projects of their spiritual leaders. S. Cyprianus, Epist. (12) Cfr. Uninterruptedly He renews it and leads it to perfect union with its Spouse. Pius XII, Const. And let the bishop regard his priests as his co-workers and as sons and friends, just as Christ called His disciples now not servants but friends. (62) Cfr. S. Augustinus, C. Faustum, 12, 20: PL 42, 26S Serm. They should sustain one another in grace throughout the entire length of their lives. Iur. Just as the priesthood of Christ is shared in various ways both by the ministers and by the faithful, and as the one goodness of God is really communicated in different ways to His creatures, so also the unique mediation of the Redeemer does not exclude but rather gives rise to a manifold cooperation which is but a sharing in this one source. (52) Cfr. This is beyond the measure of the commandments, but is done in order to become more fully like the obedient Christ. (175), 28. II-II, q. His mind and will in the matter may be known either from the character of the documents, from his frequent repetition of the same doctrine, or from his manner of speaking. S. Ambrosius, In Ps. L'importance de la presse catholique, 17 febr. (41*), And this infallibility with which the Divine Redeemer willed His Church to be endowed in defining doctrine of faith and morals, extends as far as the deposit of Revelation extends, which must be religiously guarded and faithfully expounded. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature,(1) to bring the light of Christ to all men, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., pp. 218 (3642). Sources Chret., pp. Botte, Sources Chr., pp. Eccl. I, Sess. Redeemed by reason of the merits of her Son and united to Him by a close and indissoluble tie, she is endowed with the high office and dignity of being the Mother of the Son of God, by which account she is also the beloved daughter of the Father and the temple of the Holy Spirit. - S. Modestus Hier., In dorm. (76) This Church constituted and organized in the world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, which is governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him,(13*) although many elements of sanctification and of truth are found outside of its visible structure. Catech. Praeclara gratulationis, 20 iun. Attentively in Christ, let them consider with fatherly love the projects, suggestions and desires proposed by the laity. 1923: AAS 15 (1923) p. 50 ct pp. S. Bonaventura, Opusc. But the faithful, in virtue of their royal priesthood, join in the offering of the Eucharist. Cfr. 3. Bishops thus, by praying and laboring for the people, make outpourings in many ways and in great abundance from the fullness of Christ's holiness. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., p. 211: . (172) Let him not refuse to listen to his subjects, whom he cherishes as his true sons and exhorts to cooperate readily with him. c. I Tim. They should preserve the bond of priestly communion, and they should abound in every spiritual good and thus present to all men a living witness to God. (13*) It is supremely fitting, therefore, that we love those friends and coheirs of Jesus Christ, who are also our brothers and extraordinary benefactors, that we render due thanks to God for them (14*) and "suppliantly invoke them and have recourse to their prayers, their power and help in obtaining benefits from God through His Son, Jesus Christ, who is our Redeemer and Saviour. Encycl. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Thus, the Church, although it needs human resources to carry out its mission, is not set up to seek earthly glory, but to proclaim, even by its own example, humility and self-sacrifice. Virg. (104) Everywhere on earth they must bear witness to Christ and give an answer to those who seek an account of that hope of eternal life which is in them.(105). 17. (144) And the apostles, by preaching the Gospel everywhere,(145) and it being accepted by their hearers under the influence of the Holy Spirit, gather together the universal Church, which the Lord established on the apostles and built upon blessed Peter, their chief, Christ Jesus Himself being the supreme cornerstone.(146)(3*). (36*) With all their energy, therefore, they must supply to the missions both workers for the harvest and also spiritual and material aid, both directly and on their own account. Conc. (9) Cfr. Nor is God far distant from those who in shadows and images seek the unknown God, for it is He who gives to all men life and breath and all things,(127) and as Saviour wills that all men be saved. S. Thomas Summa Theol. (55), As all the members of the human body, though they are many, form one body, so also are the faithful in Christ. 184, a. Humani genesis, 12 Aug. 1950: AAS 42 (1950) p. 571. This union is experienced and continually maintained through the Eucharist. Summary - Lumen Gentium as an Ecumenical document. Cfr. Its law is the new commandment to love as Christ loved us. (2*) For by reason of the fact that those in heaven are more closely united with Christ, they establish the whole Church more firmly in holiness, lend nobility to the worship which the Church offers to God here on earth and in many ways contribute to its greater edification. Et sane, 17 dec. 1888: ASS 21 (1888) p. 321 s. (18) Conc. The religious state clearly manifests that the Kingdom of God and its needs, in a very special way, are raised above all earthly considerations. (72) Ordo consecrationis sacerdotalis in praefatione. On account of this sharing in their priesthood and mission, let priests sincerely look upon the bishop as their father and reverently obey him. (149)(16*), 21. Vatican II document, Lumen Gentium . 1, 5; S. Clem. Cf. Mc 16,15). . 15, 296: PG 30, 637 C. (35) S. Coelestinus, Epist. 44, 3; ed. (202) Let them not, then, hide this hope in the depths of their hearts, but even in the program of their secular life let them express it by a continual conversion and by wrestling "against the world-rulers of this darkness, against the spiritual forces of wickedness.(203). V: De dignigate Patriarcharum: ibid. Apost. "(23*) On the other hand, let them teach the faithful that our communion with those in heaven, provided that it is understood in the fuller light of faith according to its genuine nature, in no way weakens, but conversely, more thoroughly enriches the latreutic worship we give to God the Father, through Christ, in the Spirit. (283) "He for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit from the Virgin Mary. With her the exalted Daughter of Sion, and after a long expectation of the promise, the times are fulfilled and the new Economy established, when the Son of God took a human nature from her, that He might in the mysteries of His flesh free man from sin. (7) Cfr. Encycl. (69) "Because in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily",(70) He fills the Church, which is His body and His fullness, with His divine gifts (71) so that it may expand and reach all the fullness of God. "(6*) Hence not a few of the early Fathers gladly assert in their preaching, "The knot of Eve's disobedience was untied by Mary's obedience; what the virgin Eve bound through her unbelief, the Virgin Mary loosened by her faith. 18 There is, first, that people to whom the covenants and promises were made, and from whom Christ was born according to the flesh (cf. S. Augustinus, D Praed. (63*) Priests, although they do not possess the highest degree of the priesthood, and although they are dependent on the bishops in the exercise of their power, nevertheless they are united with the bishops in sacerdotal dignity. 839. Encycl. (194) And if by the will of Christ some are made teachers, pastors and dispensers of mysteries on behalf of others, yet all share a true equality with regard to the dignity and to the activity common to all the faithful for the building up of the Body of Christ. Encycl. Piously meditating on her and contemplating her in the light of the Word made man, the Church with reverence enters more intimately into the great mystery of the Incarnation and becomes more and more like her Spouse. Can. Ad diem illum, 2 febr. (277) For just as Christian communion among wayfarers brings us closer to Christ, so our companionship with the saints joins us to Christ, from Whom as from its Fountain and Head issues every grace and the very life of the people of God. It knows it through unfailing experience of it and commends it to the hearts of the faithful, so that encouraged by this maternal help they may the more intimately adhere to the Mediator and Redeemer. Decretum De Apostolatu laicorum, cap. Quadragesimo anno 15 maii 1931: AAS 23 (1931) p. 121 s. Pius XII, Alloc. By martyrdom a disciple is transformed into an image of his Master by freely accepting death for the salvation of the worldas well as his conformity to Christ in the shedding of his blood. In this singular way she cooperated by her obedience, faith, hope and burning charity in the work of the Saviour in giving back supernatural life to souls. Mk. The central document of the Second Vatican Council was Lumen Gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church. 7 de Hierosolymis: Conc. She exhorts her children to purification and renewal so that the sign of Christ may shine more brightly over the face of the earth. The members of these institutes, in fulfilling their obligation to the Church due to their particular form of life, ought to show reverence and obedience to bishops according to the sacred canons. (43) Cfr. Apost. Each and all these items which are set forth in this dogmatic Constitution have met with the approval of the Council Fathers. Consequently, even when preoccupied with temporal cares, the laity can and must perform a work of great value for the evangelization of the world. The Drafting of 'Lumen Gentium'. Nicaenum. The Word of the Lord is compared to a seed which is sown in a field;(19) those who hear the Word with faith and become part of the little flock of Christ,(20) have received the Kingdom itself. The Roman Pontiff, taking account of the Church's welfare, proceeds according to his own discretion in arranging, promoting and approving the exercise of collegial activity. When Jesus, who had suffered the death of the cross for mankind, had risen, He appeared as the one constituted as Lord, Christ and eternal Priest,(24) and He poured out on His disciples the Spirit promised by the Father. For the Church is compelled by the Holy Spirit to do her part that God's plan may be fully realized, whereby He has constituted Christ as the source of salvation for the whole world. (32) The true vine is Christ who gives life and the power to bear abundant fruit to the branches, that is, to us, who through the Church remain in Christ without whom we can do nothing. It is not only through the sacraments and the ministries of the Church that the Holy Spirit sanctifies and leads the people of God and enriches it with virtues, but, "allotting his gifts to everyone according as He wills,(114) He distributes special graces among the faithful of every rank. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Statuta Eccl. de Nantes already in 1972, that Vatican II was going to start the Church off again on new foundations that it is impossible for us not to . 23: PL 4, 5S3, Hartel, III A, p. 28S. Let no one think that religious have become strangers to their fellowmen or useless citizens of this earthly city by their consecration. They should be of aid to their fellow citizens. On the contrary it fosters and takes to itself, insofar as they are good, the ability, riches and customs in which the genius of each people expresses itself. 386-387. Mediati Dei: AAS 39 (1947) pp. 78, 18: PG 42, 728 CD; 729 AB. (231) This is a precious gift of divine grace given by the Father to certain souls,(232) whereby they may devote themselves to God alone the more easily, due to an undivided heart. Lumen Gentium 16 Posted on 28 August 2006 by catholicsensibility Non-Christians get a look by the council bishops, starting with Judaism: Finally, those who have not yet received the Gospel are related in various ways to the people of God. Rather has it pleased Him to bring men together as one people, a people which acknowledges Him in truth and serves Him in holiness. (33), Often the Church has also been called the building of God. 5, 12-13; Phil. (185) All priests, both diocesan and religious, by reason of Orders and ministry, fit into this body of bishops and priests, and serve the good of the whole Church according to their vocation and the grace given to them. 1898: ASS 31 (1898-99) p. 11. Let them follow the example of Christ, who by His obedience even unto death, opened to all men the blessed way of the liberty of the children of God. The pope promulgated the document on November 21, 1964, during the third year of the council. 2301 (38S7-61). M., Philad. (53) In this way all of us are made members of His Body,(54) "but severally members one of another". assim. Satis cognitum, 29 iun. By reason of it, the Catholic Church strives constantly and with due effect to bring all humanity and all its possessions back to its source In Christ, with Him as its head and united in His Spirit. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature, (1) to bring the light of Christ to all men, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. Helpful. 710 ct 724 ss. For no creature could ever be counted as equal with the Incarnate Word and Redeemer. I-II, q. Conc. Et sane, 17 dec. 1888: AAS 21 (1888) p. 321. in Apoc. The Theological Commission has given the following response regarding the Modi that have to do with Chapter III of the de Ecclesia Schema: "As is self-evident, the Council's text must always be interpreted in accordance with the general rules that are known to all.". IV. 53. Encycl. Christ was sent by the Father "to bring good news to the poor, to heal the contrite of heart",(79) "to seek and to save what was lost". Richard Cecka. Rom. Encycl. (21) Conc. 1957: AAS 49 (1957) pp. Maximum illud: AAS 11 (1919) p. 440, Pius XI. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. This was to be the new People of God. (Cf. As is customary with significant Roman Catholic Church documents, it is known by its incipit, "Lumen . - S. Io. "(9*), 57. p. 212.-| Conc. (38) Cfr. : Ed. But the college or body of bishops has no authority unless it is understood together with the Roman Pontiff, the successor of Peter as its head. 62. 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